Can the ventilation of GMP clean rooms be switched off overnight?
晚上能否关闭GMP洁净室的通风系统?
The ventilation systems of clean rooms consume a lot of energy, especially power for the ventilating fan, refrigerating capacity for cooling and dehumidification in summer as well as heating for warming and steam for humidification in winter. Therefore, the question comes up again and again whether one might switch off the ventilation of the rooms overnight or when they are not used in order to save energy.
洁净室的通风系统耗费巨大能源，特别是通风系统的风扇、夏天致冷和除湿以及冬天加热和加湿用蒸汽。因此，一直就有这个问题：公司是否可以在晚上或不用的时候关闭房间的通风，以节约能源？
It is not advised to switch off the ventilation system completely, it is rather advised not to do it. Premises, pressure conditions, microbiology, everything would be out of control during that time. This would make the subsequent measures for the restoration of the GMP-compliant state very complex because each time a requalification would be necessary to reach the normal GMP-compliant state.
一般不建议完全关闭通风系统，事实上建议不要这样做。设施、压力条件、微生物，在此期间所有东西都会不受控制。这会让之后的恢复GMP符合状态所需的措施非常复杂，因为每次都要做再确认，来达到正常的GMP符合状态。
But a reduction in the performance of the ventilation systems (reduction of the air volume by reducing the performance of the ventilation system) is possible, and is already carried out in some companies. Here too, however, the GMP-compliant state must be achieved prior to using the clean room again and this procedure must be validated.
但是，可以降低通风系统的功率（通过减少通风系统的功率来减少换气量），已经有一些公司在这么做了。但是，在重新使用洁净室之前还是必须达到GMP符合状态，并且该程序必须经过验证。(http://www.iwuchen.com/)
For this purpose the following points must be observed:
为此必须要观察以下几点：
The reduction can only be carried out so far that the clean room specific limits prescribed for the relevant case are not violated in general. These limits have to be defined in each case for the operating status and the reduction mode including permissible minimum and maximum values, such as clean room class (particle count with equivalent particle size), product specific values (temperature, relative humidity), pressure conditions (pressure difference between the rooms). Note that the values in reduction mode have to be chosen in such a way that the facility has reached the GMP-compliant state in due time before production begins (integration of a time program). This state depends on different parameters such as building material and performance of the system etc. The pressure conditions should be maintained all the time, this means that a reversion of the flow direction is not allowed.
降低通风系统的功率只能达到一定程度，因为要保证总体来说不违背相关案例中洁净室指定限度。在每个案例中，这些运行状态下的和降低功率状态下的限度必须定义，其中包括允许最小和最大值，例如洁净室级别（尘粒数和相当的粒径）、产品特定的值（温度、相对湿度）、压力条件（房间之间的压差）。注意，在降低功率的模式下的值的选择必须使得设施在生产开始之前的规定时间内（时间计划结合在其中）达到GMP符合状态。此状态取决于不同的参数，例如建筑材料和系统性能等。应在所有的时间内都维持压力条件，这表示不允许气流逆向。
Furthermore, the installation of an independent clean room monitoring system is recommended in any case in order to constantly monitor and document the above mentioned clean room specific parameters. Thus, the conditions of the area concerned can be monitored and documented at any time. In the case of deviations (reaching of a limit) and in the individual case it is possible to access the measurement and control technology of the ventilation system and to carry out the relevant adjustments.
还有，建议安装一个独立的洁净室监测系统，这样可以连续监测并记录上述洁净室指定参数。这样，所关注的区域的条件应可以在任何时间进行监测和记录。如果有偏差发生（达到限度），在个案中有可能具备测量和通风系统控制技术，进行相关调整。
During the reduction attention should be paid to ensuring that no unpredicted external interfering influences such as the entry of persons are allowed. For this the installation of a corresponding entry control is advised. In the case of an electronic locking system the entry authorisation can be linked with the above mentioned time program as well as with the independent clean room monitoring system so that entry is authorised only subject to compliance with the predefined requirements.
在降低风机功率时，要注意确保没有非预期的外来干扰影响，例如，人员进入。这种情况建议使用相应的人员出入控制。如果使用的是电子锁系统，出入权限可以与上述时间计划相关联，以及与独立的洁净室监测系统相关联，这样，出入授权必须要符合预定的要求。
In principal, both states must be qualified first and then requalified in regular intervals and the customary measurements for the regular operating status such as the recovery time measurement in case of a complete failure of the facility must be carried out. In the case a clean room monitoring system exists it is in principal not required - as mentioned above - to carry out further measurements at the start of operations after reduction mode if the procedure is validated. Special focus should be put on the procedure of restarting since temporary reversions of the flow direction are possible, for instance.
原则上来说，两种状态都必须先确认，然后进行定期再确认。通常，常规运行状态下的测量，例如设备完全失效情形下恢复时间测量是必须要进行的。如果存在有洁净室监测系统，程序经过验证的话，原则上不需要---如上所述---在降低通风功率后重新开始运行时进行进一步测量。特别要注意的是重新开始运行时的程序，因为，比如气流方向短时逆向是有可能发生的。
All in all about 30 % of the energy costs can be saved depending on the mode of operation and the shift model but additional investment costs might have to be offset.
总体来说，根据运行模式和当班模式的不同，大概能节约30%左右的能源，但可能会被额外的投资成本所抵消。
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