2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予哈佛大学的William"Bill" G. Kaelin、牛津大学的利夫Peter J. Ratcliffe和约翰·霍普金斯医学院的Gregg L.Semenza,以表彰他们“在理解细胞感知、适应氧气变化机制中的贡献”。 近年来,由Gregg L.Semenza发现的HIF(Hypoxia-Inducible Factor)作为主要的氧气调控因子,科学家围绕HIF做了大量的研究。 今天,我们就来说一说HIF主要的调节器——脯氨酰羟化酶(prolyl hydroxylase domain,PHD)及其研发管线。 图1. William G. Kaelin Jr(左),Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe (中)Gregg L. Semenza (右),图片来源于诺奖官网 今年的生理学诺获奖者因揭示了低氧信号对生理学机制的重要性而获此殊荣,这一研究为治疗贫血、癌症和许多其他疾病的低氧相关疾病打下了扎实基础。
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